Posted on

The sound of our units

Tourne-disque Reela Dauphin - WIFI Bluetooth multiroom – tsf vintage radios : appareils anciens modernisés en enceintes connectées - Made in France

Buying a garment online is easy: you see the look, you know what material it's made of and you know your size. But buying an audio system? You can't know how it sounds. Even if we were to offer you sound samples to download, you wouldn't get any better listening than what your computer's speakers allow in terms of sound quality.

L’objet de ce court article est de vous donner visuellement une idée du son des appareils sortant de notre atelier.

Courbe de réponse d’un système audio

La courbe de réponse d’un système audio est un graphique représentant le niveau sonore obtenu en fonction de la fréquence du son à retranscrire. Il peut être obtenu en envoyant un signal de même énergie à toute les fréquences au haut-parleur et en analysant la restitution qu’il en fait.

For example, for the Monacor loudspeaker studied in this article :

modèle de Thiele et Small et mesure de la courbe de réponse d'un haut parleur
Measured response curve of the Monacor loudspeaker in black, calculated curve in the low frequency approximation in red.
The yellow line modeling the cutoff has a slope of 24 decibels per octave.

On voit donc que la restitution n’est pas parfaite sur la gamme audible 20Hz-20kHz. Les basses fréquences sont coupées (ici autour de 100 Hz), les hautes fréquences aussi (ici autour de 8 kHz). La partie centrale est accidentée au lieu d’être rigoureusement plate (creux prononcé à 1kHz et oscillations après 3 kHz).

Lorsqu’un haut-parleur est monté dans un caisson pour former une enceinte close, d’autres phénomènes interviennent et modifient la courbe de réponse. Comme la modélisation de l’enceinte close détaillée dans this article shows, the bass is cut off at higher frequencies and the diffraction phenomenon causes new accidents:

Effet de la diffraction par les bords du baffle rectangulaire sur la courbe de réponse d’un tweeter.

On est donc bien loin d’une réponse plate sur l’ensemble de la gamme audible (20 Hz à presque 20 kHz) !

Two elements for comparison

Toutes les courbes de réponse publiées ci-dessous sont réalisées dans les mêmes conditions. Elles résultent de la combinaison de plusieurs mesures et d’un traitement mathématique visant à s’affranchir des effets de réverbération de l’environnement.

Let's take as a starting point a low-end loudspeaker mounted without any particular care on a radio from the 50s:

Courbe de réponse d’un haut-parleur large-bande bas de gamme monté sur une radio des années 50.

On note que la coupure basse arrive très tôt (autour de 200 Hz) et que les aigus sont accidentés et très atténués (-10 dB autour de 1500 Hz et encore pire au delà de 5 kHz). Le son n’est donc bien équilibré qu’entre 200 et 800 Hz ! Cette courbe est toutefois représentative des appareils vendus par certains de nos concurrents …

Considérons maintenant le son plus désirable d’une enceinte connectée de taille comparable à nos radios : la Harman Kardon Onyx Studio 8. Mesurée dans les mêmes conditions que ci-dessus, sa courbe de réponse a une bien meilleure allure :

courbe de réponse d'une enceinte connectée HK - tsfvintageradios
Courbe de réponse de l’enceinte connectée HK Onyx Studio 8 (en bleu: rappel de la courbe précédente pour comparaison)

Il est clairement visible sur ce graphe que les sensations sont meilleures à l’écoute : les graves sont coupées à une fréquence nettement plus basse (autour de 50 Hz), et les aigus autour de 8kHz, sans qu’ils s’écrasent totalement à haute fréquence. La partie intermédiaire est aussi nettement plus plate.

Toutefois, la bosse dans les graves est importante (+6 dB) et peut s’avérer dérangeante pour certains auditeurs ou certains styles musicaux, et la chute de niveau sonore aux hautes fréquences reste très précoce.

The quality of the speakers and their installation

Depuis 2016, nous cherchons constamment à améliorer les systèmes sortant de notre atelier. Une première étape consiste à sélectionner des haut-parleurs qui soient, d’une part, de bonne qualité et, d’autre part, adaptés aux caissons atypiques que nous utilisons. Puis il faut trouver le moyen de l’intégrer proprement au caisson pour éviter les vibrations parasites qui vont détériorer le son.

Here's what we come up with for a medium-sized radio set Ducretet-Thomson L325 :

En rose : courbe de réponse d’un haut-parleur large bande de qualité inséré dans le caisson d’une Ducretet-Thomson L325 sans avoir détérioré les circuits originaux.
En rouge, pour rappel : la courbe de réponse de l’enceinte HK Onyx Studio 8.

The bass cutoff is a little high and the high frequencies are not yet top-notch, but we have a good base to work with.

The digital filtering

Connaissant la réponse du haut-parleur monté dans son caisson vintage, nous pouvons maintenant chercher à l’améliorer. Nous utilisons pour cela une carte électronique grâce à laquelle nous programmons une série de filtres pour corriger la réponse du système. Sur l’exemple ci-dessus, il faudra par exemple créer une combinaison de filtres pour relever le niveau sonore entre 2 et 7 kHz. Le signal envoyé à l’amplificateur sera ainsi augmenté dans cette gamme de fréquence pour pallier à la faiblesse du haut-parleur.

We finally get for the Ducretet-Thomson L325 :

Green: response curve after digital filtering; pink: response curve before digital filtering.

This corrects the midrange dip and extends the bass and treble response. If you're thinking of turning to the competitors, ask them for the response curve of their products!

The High-Fidelity line

Les appareils de notre gamme « Haute-Fidélité » sont modernisés en enceinte deux voies (graves-mediums + aigus), ou équipées d’un large bande haut de gamme de grand diamètre. L’objectif est d’obtenir la réponse la plus large possible, des basses profondes aux extrêmes aigus. Ces haut-parleurs sont sélectionnés après une modélisation numérique du caisson pour en déduire leurs caractéristiques optimales.

We then measure the woofer and tweeter responses separately. Specific digital filters are optimized to blend the two signals harmoniously (frequency crossover).

This is followed by the digital filtering process described above, but with a larger number of filters. The result for cathedral radio Trialmo 520 HiFi :

Brown: Trialmo 520 HiFi response curve.
En rouge, pour rappel : la courbe de réponse de l’enceinte HK Onyx Studio 8.

La courbe de réponse après correction est très plate de 60Hz à 18 kHz, l’appareil n’a rien à envier à l’enceinte Harman-Kardon !

Parfois, on souhaite obtenir des basses ayant plus de corps. L’interrupteur sur le panneau arrière permet pour cela d’activer le mode Superbass :

Blue: response curve of the Trialmo 520 HiFi with Superbass mode On.
Brown: Trialmo 520 HiFi response curve without Superbass mode.
En rouge, pour rappel : la courbe de réponse de l’enceinte HK On
yx Studio 8.

Il est ainsi possible sur les systèmes qui disposent de la fonction d’obtenir des basses lourdes (elles descendent d’ailleurs dans ce cas jusqu’à 45 Hz). Mais contrairement à l’enceinte Harman-Kardon, ce n’est pas obligatoire !

Other factors

Cet article a pour but de donner une idée de la qualité sonore de nos appareils sans trop rentrer dans la technique. Il y a bien évidemment d’autres paramètres que nous prenons en compte pour optimiser le rendu sonore de nos appareils. Parmi eux, notons :

  • La phase du son, qui ne doit pas trop varier sur l’ensemble des fréquences.
  • Le choix de l’amplificateur, qui joue également un rôle important, en particulier en ce qui concerne la distorsion.
  • Le temps d’amortissement du système aux différentes fréquences, qui ne doit pas être trop long pour obtenir un rendu clair de la piste sonore.
  • Ou encore le niveau sonore maximal que l’enceinte puisse délivrer.
Posted on — Leave a comment

WiFi wireless speaker: what's more than Bluetooth?

More and more wireless speaker manufacturers are turning to WIFI solutions for music streaming, while the standard has long remained Bluetooth. At tsfVintageRadios, the vast majority of our radios, record-players and turntables also have a WIFI connection. I will summarize in this article the main advantages of this mode of audio broadcasting controlled by a phone or a tablet.

  1. WIFI and Bluetooth: a common point
  2. Bluetooth: limited range and speed, busy phone
  3. WIFI: three-way conversation
  4. Audio over WIFI: the advantages
  5. Supported music platforms
  6. Multiroom !
  7. WIFI versions

WIFI and Bluetooth: a common point

Regardless of the technology you use, your phone will talk to the wireless speaker using 2.4 gigahertz radio waves. These waves are the same type as light waves, but their frequency (the speed at which the electric field oscillates) is much too low to trigger a reaction in the cells of our retina.

Bluetooth: limited range and speed, busy phone

transmission Bluetooth // tsfvintageradios antiquités art deco wifi, multiroom, bluetooth

When you connect to a speaker via Bluetooth, the phone establishes a direct connection with it. This is an advantage for a roaming solution, if you want to be able to use your speaker without access to a WIFI network, at the beach for example. It is less so for the devices in our collection: who would have the crazy idea of taking a several kilograms 65-year-old radio in excellent condition on a picnic?

However, this direct link implies that the two connected devices, each equipped with a small antenna, must remain close to each other to be able to exchange data. The range of a Bluetooth connection is therefore rather limited, about ten meters, or even less if the environment is cluttered with obstacles (walls, radiators ...). Everyone can see this by noticing the degradation of sound quality when moving the phone away from the wireless speaker.

The direct link also means that the phone is responsible for transmitting the data to the Bluetooth speaker. It is therefore up to the phone to read or download the music file, then encode it and send it.

In fact, your phone is under a lot of stress when you use it to play music:

  • With the number of operations it performs every second and the energy it uses for transmission, the battery will run down quickly
  • If it is not powerful, it will have to transmit a less detailed sound. This will result in a loss of sound quality even if the loudspeaker is equipped with a good amp and quality speakers.

Finally, the data rate (number of zeros and ones transmitted per second) of a Bluetooth transmission is limited. Although it has been approaching the speed necessary to obtain CD quality in recent years, it is still well below that of a WIFI connection.

WIFI: three-way conversation

transmission Bluetooth // tsfvintageradios antiquités art deco wifi, multiroom, bluetooth

To establish a WIFI connection between them, two devices must be on the same local network. The smartphone and the wireless speaker must have been configured beforehand to recognize the router and provide it with the right password. There is therefore no direct connection: the router is the intermediary for all exchanges between the two devices. In other words, by opting for WIFI, we give up having a mobile device.

Audio over WIFI: the advantages

Now that the phone and the wireless speaker have access to the box, we can imagine other ways to listen to music. To stream an album from a music platform such as Spotify or Deezer, the smartphone can tell the router to send the music to the wireless speaker.

The router can then download the streaming music from Spotify and feed the wireless speaker directly: the phone is no longer in the loop! As a result, the major drawbacks of a Bluetooth transfer disappear:

On one hand, the phone no longer downloads or transmits music: its battery does not run down! It only serves as a remote control and therefore only intervenes briefly to give orders. More or less volume, play a song, change the artist ...

Moreover, no more range problems. As long as your WIFI speaker remains connected to the box, the music continues, even if you turn it off or leave the house.

The same goes for the connection speed: your box is able to send much more information per second than your phone, allowing you to use music platforms offering very high quality.

This is also an opportunity to highlight another advantage that WIFI audio has over Bluetooth. During a Bluetooth listening session, all the sounds from the phone are transmitted to the speaker. Your music is decorated with the beeps of SMS notifications, new WhatsApp conversations or likes of your latest Instagram post. If these noises interfere with the music, the worst thing is to receive a call! The music gives way to a ringtone and your choices are reduced to cutting off the Bluetooth connection and the music, or worse, having everyone listen to your conversation.

If you have digested how WIFI audio works, you have already understood that all these nuisances disappear. As your phone has given the order to the box to play a certain song on the speaker, the music is independent of your use of the phone. You can receive calls without ruining the sound environment!

Supported music platforms

The vast majority of our devices have in addition to Bluetooth a WIFI connection compatible with Airplay, SpotifyConnect, and DLNA and supporting iTunes, Spotify, Deezer, Tidal, Napster, Qobuz, Amazon Music, Pandora.

The dedicated application also allows you to listen to any radio or web radio station via WIFI.

Multiroom !

Last but not least, WIFI streaming opens the possibility of synchronous wireless broadcasting on several devices (multiroom). Place them wherever you want, connect them to your home network, and enjoy your synchronized music throughout the house!

This technology is the subject of another article: Multiroom - An explanation in pictures.

WIFI versions

We have recently made the choice to change the WIFI system. From now on :

  • our record players can play vinyl records in multiroom, a world first for vintage devices!
  • we provide WIFI adapters that allow you to convert your old audio devices and Hi-Fi systems into WIFI speakers compatible with the new versions of our radios and record players. Any audio device you have at home is suitable: it just needs to have an auxiliary plug. A practical and economical way to modernize your installation!

Check the Frequently Asked Questions for more details. Please contact us to help you in your choice.

Posted on

Multiroom : How does that work ?

The multiroom, or multi-room, is a wireless broadcasting system, through the local WIFI network, allowing the synchronized streaming of music on several wireless speakers. At tsfvintageradios, these speakers are our radios, turntables and speakers. This article explains in animation how they work in multiroom mode.

  1. Minimal system
  2. Digital music
  3. Vinyls
  4. To each his own music
  5. A complete setup
  6. Limits

Minimal system

The minimal system is composed of a main device ( radio, record player or turntable), a second unit (radio, record player or turntable, WIFI speakeror any other system equipped with a WIFI box), the home's router and a smartphone.

The units can be placed in the same room for stereo sound, or in different rooms to ensure the continuity of the sound environment while you are on the move.

Digital music

The animation below explains the synchronous broadcast of a song from a music platform or radio station.

Explication de nos systèmes WIFI multiroom // tsfvintageradios appareils vintage connectés

Vinyls

To broadcast a record over WIFI, the analog signal is first digitized. Then, the record player plays the role of the music platform:

Explication du fonctionnement de nos tourne-disques et platines WIFI-multiroom. // tsfvintageradios appareils vintage connectés

To each his own music

When devices are spread out in different rooms of the house, you don't always want to listen to the same thing everywhere! Our radios and record players also work independently of each other.

Explication du fonctionnement indépendant de nos systèmes WIFI-multiroom // tsfvintageradios appareils vintage connectés

A complete setup

Exemple de système multiroom complet // tsfvintageradios appareils vintage connectés

The parents have friends over and play a Pink Floyd vinyl recording on their Reela record player. The stereo in the living room is provided by the record player combined with an art-deco WIFI speaker, and the continuity of the soundscape is provided from the kitchen to the pool with a Bragera radio and a Wine-Crate 400W speaker.

In her room, their daughter prefers to listen to her favorite album of the moment, on her old stereo modernized with a WIFI box.

Limits

Our WIFI/Multiroom modules support up to 8 devices simultaneously if your internet connection is of good quality. You can distribute the systems anywhere in your home, the only requirements being that your WIFI network is accessible and that you have a power outlet to plug them in.